{"id":1301,"date":"2018-01-12T10:57:57","date_gmt":"2018-01-12T15:57:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/?page_id=1301"},"modified":"2020-12-11T17:42:57","modified_gmt":"2020-12-11T22:42:57","slug":"article-archive","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/index.php\/the-diary\/article-archive\/","title":{"rendered":"Glossary and Index"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h6 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Image: <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Du Vernet&#8217;s Diary Entry on Jeremiah Johnston<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> (detail), 1898, Paper and ink. From&nbsp;Frederick H. Du Vernet, \u201cDiary of a Missionary Tour,\u201d&nbsp;<a rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" data-auth=\"NotApplicable\" href=\"https:\/\/www.anglican.ca\/archives\/\" target=\"_blank\">Anglican Church of Canada General Synod Archives<\/a>,&nbsp;M81-41.<\/span><\/h6>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-heading\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>RE<span style=\"color: #808000;\">STORY<\/span>ING COLONIAL AND MISSIONARY ARCHIVES:<br><\/strong><span style=\"color: #808080;\">Defining Terms and Providing Context<\/span><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator\"\/>\n\n\n\n<a name=\"top\"><\/a>\n\n\n\n<p>This is a list of all of the articles written to clarify specific words used in the diary. Use the alphabet header to jump to different articles.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>You can also access these articles when reading the diary by clicking on the words with green underlining. The first click brings you to a short annotation on the right side of the page, and then you can click \u201cread more\u201d at the bottom of the annotation to reach the longer article.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator\"\/>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"circular-image\">\n\n\n\n<h3 style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"#A\">A<\/a>&nbsp; &nbsp; <a href=\"#B\">B<\/a>&nbsp; &nbsp; <a href=\"#C\">C<\/a>&nbsp; &nbsp; <a href=\"#D\">D<\/a>&nbsp; &nbsp; <a href=\"#E\">E<\/a>&nbsp; &nbsp; <a href=\"#F\">F<\/a>&nbsp; &nbsp; <a href=\"#G\">G<\/a>&nbsp; &nbsp; <a href=\"#H\">H<\/a>&nbsp; &nbsp; <a href=\"#I\">I<\/a>&nbsp; &nbsp; <a href=\"#J\">J<\/a>&nbsp; &nbsp; <a href=\"#K\">K<\/a>&nbsp; &nbsp; <a href=\"#L\">L<\/a>&nbsp; &nbsp; <a href=\"#M\">M<\/a>&nbsp; &nbsp; <a href=\"#N\">N<\/a>&nbsp; &nbsp; <a href=\"#O\">O<\/a>&nbsp; &nbsp; <a href=\"#P\">P<\/a>&nbsp; &nbsp; <a href=\"#Q\">Q<\/a>&nbsp; &nbsp; <a href=\"#R\">R<\/a>&nbsp; &nbsp; <a href=\"#S\">S<\/a>&nbsp; &nbsp; <a href=\"#T\">T<\/a>&nbsp; &nbsp; <a href=\"#U\">U<\/a>&nbsp; &nbsp; <a href=\"#V\">V<\/a>&nbsp; &nbsp; <a href=\"#W\">W<\/a>&nbsp; &nbsp; <a href=\"#X\">X<\/a>&nbsp; &nbsp; <a href=\"#Y\">Y<\/a>&nbsp; &nbsp; <a href=\"#Z\">Z<\/a><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3><a href=\"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/index.php\/american-indian\/\"><figure><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-6550 size-medium alignleft\" src=\"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Screen-Shot-2019-06-27-at-5.14.52-PM-300x262.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"262\" srcset=\"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Screen-Shot-2019-06-27-at-5.14.52-PM-300x262.png 300w, https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Screen-Shot-2019-06-27-at-5.14.52-PM-768x671.png 768w, https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Screen-Shot-2019-06-27-at-5.14.52-PM-1024x895.png 1024w, https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Screen-Shot-2019-06-27-at-5.14.52-PM.png 1314w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/figure>American Indian<\/a><\/h3>\n<p>Du Vernet refers to \u201cAmerican Indians\u201d twice in his diary. The first instance occurs when he writes about how Tom Overcome and his family went on a long journey to visit the \u201cAmerican Indians.\u201d<br><a name=\"B\"><\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><em><a href=\"#top\">back to top<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3><a href=\"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/index.php\/clara-selina-bagshaw\/\"><figure><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft size-medium wp-image-2842\" src=\"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/0536_clara_bagshaw-300x280.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"280\" srcset=\"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/0536_clara_bagshaw-300x280.jpg 300w, https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/0536_clara_bagshaw-768x716.jpg 768w, https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/0536_clara_bagshaw-1024x954.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/0536_clara_bagshaw.jpg 1728w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/figure>Bagshaw, Clara Selina<\/a><\/h3>\n<p>Clara Selina Bagshaw was a twenty-one-year-old teacher\u2019s wife when she welcomed Du Vernet and Jeremiah Johnston into her home at Little Forks on July 14, 1898.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><em><a href=\"#top\">back to top<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3><a href=\"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/index.php\/reginald-bagshaw\/\"><figure><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft size-full wp-image-2396\" src=\"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/detail-of-0516_little-forks-school.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"233\" height=\"204\"><\/figure>Bagshaw, Reginald<\/a><\/h3>\n<p>Du Vernet met Reginald Heber Bagshaw and Clara, his wife, on an overnight visit to Little Forks on July 14-15. Bagshaw was a lay missionary and teacher at the government school at Little Forks Reserve.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><em><a href=\"#top\">back to top<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3><a href=\"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/index.php\/mr-and-mrs-bagshaws-house\/\"><figure><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-2845 alignleft\" src=\"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/detail-of-0537_little-forks-300x279.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"279\" srcset=\"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/detail-of-0537_little-forks-300x279.jpg 300w, https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/detail-of-0537_little-forks-768x713.jpg 768w, https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/detail-of-0537_little-forks-1024x951.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/figure>Bagshaw\u2019s House, Mr. and Mrs.<\/a><\/h3>\n<p>Du Vernet woke up before 5 a.m. in the Little Forks home of the Bagshaws, with mosquitoes buzzing in his ears, and Jeremiah Johnston lying next to him. Clara Bagshaw made her guests breakfast, and a group of Ojibwe men, women, and children joined in for morning prayers afterwards.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><em><a href=\"#top\">back to top<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3><a href=\"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/index.php\/baptized\/\"><figure><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-6553 size-medium alignleft\" src=\"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Screen-Shot-2019-06-27-at-5.18.14-PM-300x300.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Screen-Shot-2019-06-27-at-5.18.14-PM-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Screen-Shot-2019-06-27-at-5.18.14-PM-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Screen-Shot-2019-06-27-at-5.18.14-PM.png 698w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/figure>Baptized<\/a><\/h3>\n<p>Among Anglicans, only a priest can perform a baptism, and people are usually baptized as infants. The ritual itself involves sprinkling water over the head of the baby, while invoking the name of \u201cthe Father, the Son, and the Holy Ghost.&#8221;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><em><a href=\"#top\">back to top<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3><a href=\"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/index.php\/beadwork\/\"><figure><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft size-medium wp-image-4308\" src=\"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/detail_GT1_8-r77-300x282.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"282\" srcset=\"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/detail_GT1_8-r77-300x282.jpg 300w, https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/detail_GT1_8-r77-768x722.jpg 768w, https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/detail_GT1_8-r77.jpg 782w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/figure>Beadwork<\/a><\/h3>\n<p>Widely recognized for the beauty and skill of their creations, Anishinaabe and other Indigenous artists continue the work of their ancestors, adapting beadwork to a new range of materials.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><em><a href=\"#top\">back to top<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3><a href=\"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/index.php\/border\/\"><figure><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-6555 size-medium alignleft\" src=\"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Screen-Shot-2019-06-27-at-5.19.46-PM-300x300.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Screen-Shot-2019-06-27-at-5.19.46-PM-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Screen-Shot-2019-06-27-at-5.19.46-PM-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Screen-Shot-2019-06-27-at-5.19.46-PM.png 464w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/figure>Border<\/a><\/h3>\n<p>Du Vernet mentions meeting a number of American Indians when they came over to Canada\u2019s side of the border to play cards. He also notes the long journey Tom Overcome\u2019s family took during the winter to \u201cvisit the American Indians.\u201d<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><em><a href=\"#top\">back to top<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3><a href=\"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/index.php\/boucherville\/\"><figure><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-3006 size-medium alignleft\" src=\"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/0044_river-1-300x200.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"200\" srcset=\"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/0044_river-1-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/0044_river-1-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/0044_river-1-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/0044_river-1-600x400.jpg 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/figure>Boucherville<\/a><\/h3>\n<p>Settled in the 1880s and named after the storekeeper Edmund Boucher, Boucherville was a hamlet that housed a post office. This is where Du Vernet picked up his first letter from home, on July 21. The post office in Boucherville was the post office for all of the Rainy River.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><em><a href=\"#top\">back to top<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3><a href=\"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/index.php\/burial-practices\/\"><figure><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft wp-image-2220 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/detail-of-0490_burial-mounds-long-sault-300x277.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"277\" srcset=\"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/detail-of-0490_burial-mounds-long-sault-300x277.jpg 300w, https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/detail-of-0490_burial-mounds-long-sault-768x710.jpg 768w, https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/detail-of-0490_burial-mounds-long-sault-1024x947.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/figure>Burial Practices<\/a><\/h3>\n<p>Du Vernet showed a fascination and respect for Ojibwe burial practices throughout his diary. He described the Ojibwe gravesites he observed on an afternoon walk on Monday July 18th with great curiosity and detail.<br><a name=\"C\"><\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><em><a href=\"#top\">back to top<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3><a href=\"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/index.php\/the-gleaner\/\"><figure><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-6557 size-medium alignleft\" src=\"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Screen-Shot-2019-06-27-at-5.22.10-PM-300x300.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Screen-Shot-2019-06-27-at-5.22.10-PM-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Screen-Shot-2019-06-27-at-5.22.10-PM-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Screen-Shot-2019-06-27-at-5.22.10-PM.png 742w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/figure>Canadian Church Missionary Gleaner, The<\/a><\/h3>\n<p>From 1894 to 1901, Du Vernet was both a writer for and the editor of the <em>The Canadian Church Missionary Gleaner<\/em>. A religious periodical published by the Anglican Church Missionary Society, The Gleaner reported on the activities of missionaries abroad.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><em><a href=\"#top\">back to top<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3><a href=\"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/index.php\/canadian-pacific-railway\/\"><figure><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft wp-image-2221 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/detail-of-0479_Canadian-pacific-railroad-300x273.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"273\" srcset=\"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/detail-of-0479_Canadian-pacific-railroad-300x273.jpg 300w, https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/detail-of-0479_Canadian-pacific-railroad.jpg 492w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/figure>Canadian Pacific Railway<\/a><\/h3>\n<p>When Du Vernet traveled by rail from Toronto to Rat Portage, he took a journey that would not have been possible 15 years earlier \u2013 the Canadian Pacific Railway had opened in 1883. Du Vernet&#8217;s train journey took two nights and four stops.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><em><a href=\"#top\">back to top<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3><a href=\"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/index.php\/cedar-tips\/\"><figure><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft size-medium wp-image-2224\" src=\"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/detail-of-km2016-205-1-300x269.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"269\"><\/figure>Cedar Tips<\/a><\/h3>\n<p>Women are medicine pickers in Ojibwe culture, and they are taught never to pick the cedar hearts. Therefore, Du Vernet makes an accurate observation when he writes about cedar \u201ctips.\u201d<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><em><a href=\"#top\">back to top<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3><a href=\"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/index.php\/ceremony\/\"><figure><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft size-medium wp-image-2419\" src=\"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/0512_morrisseau-shaman-disciples-300x257.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"257\" srcset=\"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/0512_morrisseau-shaman-disciples-300x257.jpg 300w, https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/0512_morrisseau-shaman-disciples.jpg 478w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/figure>Ceremony<\/a><\/h3>\n<p>Ceremony, for the Ojibwe, is a word used to describe a set of practices by which people open a direct channel to the Creator. Anglican Christians access their God through their own ceremonies, which they call ritual or liturgy.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><em><a href=\"#top\">back to top<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3><a href=\"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/index.php\/charlie\/\"><figure><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft size-medium wp-image-2268\" src=\"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/detail-of-0394_canoe-300x295.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"295\" srcset=\"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/detail-of-0394_canoe-300x295.jpg 300w, https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/detail-of-0394_canoe.jpg 399w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/figure>Charlie<\/a><\/h3>\n<p>Charlie&#8211;also known as \u201cHalf-a-day Charlie\u201d&#8211;was Du Vernet\u2019s \u201cIndian canoeman\u201d for his trip on the Rainy River. Working as a canoe guide was a common occupation for Ojibwe men in the 1890s, and missionaries were frequent customers.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><em><a href=\"#top\">back to top<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3><a href=\"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/index.php\/christian-\/\"><figure><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-9555 size-medium alignleft\" src=\"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/0407_detail2_Ojibwe-book-of-common-prayer-title-768x657-1-300x292.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"292\" srcset=\"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/0407_detail2_Ojibwe-book-of-common-prayer-title-768x657-1-300x292.png 300w, https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/0407_detail2_Ojibwe-book-of-common-prayer-title-768x657-1.png 403w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/figure>Christian<\/a><\/h3>\n<p>The word Christian is broad and divisive, much like the word \u201cIndian.\u201d As a broad category, the term Christian often obscures the differences found among great variety of people who consider themselves followers of Jesus Christ.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><em><a href=\"#top\">back to top<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3><a href=\"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/index.php\/christian-hymns\/\"><figure><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft size-medium wp-image-2162\" src=\"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/0481_therell-be-no-parting-there-300x245.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"245\" srcset=\"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/0481_therell-be-no-parting-there-300x245.jpg 300w, https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/0481_therell-be-no-parting-there.jpg 640w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/figure>Christian Hymns<\/a><\/h3>\n<p>The singing of hymns was a regular refrain in Du Vernet\u2019s diary. This was not unusual: in the nineteenth century, hymn singing played a central part of Anglican devotional life, and in the lives of most Protestant Christians.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><em><a href=\"#top\">back to top<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3><a href=\"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/index.php\/church-at-long-sault\/\"><figure><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft wp-image-2225 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/0489_barwick-anglican-church-275x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"275\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/0489_barwick-anglican-church-275x300.jpg 275w, https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/0489_barwick-anglican-church-768x837.jpg 768w, https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/0489_barwick-anglican-church-939x1024.jpg 939w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 275px) 100vw, 275px\" \/><\/figure>Church at Long Sault<\/a><\/h3>\n<p>On Saturday July 16th, Jeremiah Johnston told Du Vernet a story&#8211;or at least his version of it&#8211;about the placement of the Long Sault church. He said that he managed to build the church on high land that had been the site of the Old Chief\u2019s house, by convincing the current Chief Black Bird that to build on his father\u2019s land was a monument to the great man.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><em><a href=\"#top\">back to top<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3><a href=\"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/index.php\/communion\/\"><figure><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft size-medium wp-image-2227\" src=\"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/detail-of-0393_FHD-Communion-case.JPG-291x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"291\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/detail-of-0393_FHD-Communion-case.JPG-291x300.jpg 291w, https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/detail-of-0393_FHD-Communion-case.JPG-768x792.jpg 768w, https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/detail-of-0393_FHD-Communion-case.JPG-993x1024.jpg 993w, https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/detail-of-0393_FHD-Communion-case.JPG.jpg 1553w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 291px) 100vw, 291px\" \/><\/figure>Communion<\/a><\/h3>\n<p>Du Vernet excitedly recounts the communion service during his first Sunday &#8220;in a mission to the heathen.&#8221; It&#8217;s not hard to understand Du Vernet&#8217;s enthusiasm, considering that for him, Holy Communion was a ritual of profound connection between Jesus and the Christians gathered in a Church to worship him.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><em><a href=\"#top\">back to top<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3><a href=\"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/index.php\/cree\/\"><figure><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-7559 alignleft\" src=\"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/detail-of_0432_cree-encampment-300x289.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"289\" srcset=\"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/detail-of_0432_cree-encampment-300x289.png 300w, https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/detail-of_0432_cree-encampment.png 350w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/figure>Cree<\/a><\/h3>\n<p>The Cree are a populous and widely distributed Indigenous nation in Turtle Island. The Cree people live in what is now called Quebec, northwestern Ontario, Manitoba, Saskatchewan, Alberta, and the Northwest territories.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><em><a href=\"#top\">back to top<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3><a href=\"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/index.php\/eliza-crowe\/\"><figure><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft wp-image-2228 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/0473_eliza-john-crowe-300x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/0473_eliza-john-crowe-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/0473_eliza-john-crowe-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/0473_eliza-john-crowe-768x768.jpg 768w, https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/0473_eliza-john-crowe-1024x1024.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/figure>Crowe, Eliza<\/a><\/h3>\n<p>Eliza Crowe was 45 and ill with tuberculosis when Du Vernet met her in the summer of 1898. Married to John Crowe, a steamer pilot, Eliza was the mother of several children, including two whose deaths as small babies were memorialized by a gravestone in the Anglican churchyard.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><em><a href=\"#top\">back to top<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3><a href=\"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/index.php\/the-crowes-well-built-house\/\"><figure><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft size-medium wp-image-2434\" src=\"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/detail-of-0517-300x284.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"284\" srcset=\"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/detail-of-0517-300x284.jpg 300w, https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/detail-of-0517.jpg 737w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/figure>Crowes&#8217; &#8220;Well Built&#8221; House, The<\/a><\/h3>\n<p>On July 17, Du Vernet visited the house of Eliza and John Crowe. He commented on it being \u201cwell built\u201d with \u201c2 double beds a bureau a very fine table and 4 chair trunks.\u201d<br><a name=\"D\"><\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><em><a href=\"#top\">back to top<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3><a href=\"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/index.php\/dog-feast\/&quot;\"><figure><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft size-medium wp-image-2410\" src=\"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/detail-of-0519_laford-drummer-300x276.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"276\" srcset=\"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/detail-of-0519_laford-drummer-300x276.jpg 300w, https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/detail-of-0519_laford-drummer-768x706.jpg 768w, https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/detail-of-0519_laford-drummer-1024x941.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/detail-of-0519_laford-drummer.jpg 1124w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/figure>Dog Feast<\/a><\/h3>\n<p>Du Vernet describes in his diary an Indigenous ceremony that he believed to be the Dog Feast. While it is unclear whether this is what Du Vernet actually saw, the dog feast was an existing Indigenous ceremony.<br><a name=\"E\"><\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><em><a href=\"#top\">back to top<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3><a href=\"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/index.php\/emo\/\"><figure><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-6559 size-medium alignleft\" src=\"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Screen-Shot-2019-06-27-at-5.23.51-PM-300x300.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Screen-Shot-2019-06-27-at-5.23.51-PM-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Screen-Shot-2019-06-27-at-5.23.51-PM-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Screen-Shot-2019-06-27-at-5.23.51-PM.png 472w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/figure>Emo<\/a><\/h3>\n<p>From the Little Forks Reserve<strong>, <\/strong>Du Vernet canoed west to Emo, a town along the northern side of the Rainy River.&nbsp; Emo was settled in the early 1880s under the Rainy River Free Grants and Homesteads Act.<br><a name=\"F\"><\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><em><a href=\"#top\">back to top<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3><a href=\"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/index.php\/facing-both-ways\/\"><figure><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-6561 size-medium alignleft\" src=\"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Screen-Shot-2019-06-27-at-5.26.09-PM-300x255.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"255\" srcset=\"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Screen-Shot-2019-06-27-at-5.26.09-PM-300x255.png 300w, https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Screen-Shot-2019-06-27-at-5.26.09-PM-768x653.png 768w, https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Screen-Shot-2019-06-27-at-5.26.09-PM-1024x870.png 1024w, https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Screen-Shot-2019-06-27-at-5.26.09-PM.png 1504w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/figure>Facing Both Ways<\/a><\/h3>\n<p>Many of the Ojibwe men and women whom Du Vernet met were poised between Christian and Ojibwe spirituality. In his diary Du Vernet documented what he perceived to be their struggle to &#8220;face both ways.&#8221;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><em><a href=\"#top\">back to top<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3><a href=\"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/index.php\/fort-frances\/\"><figure><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-6563 size-medium alignleft\" src=\"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Screen-Shot-2019-06-27-at-5.28.04-PM-300x300.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Screen-Shot-2019-06-27-at-5.28.04-PM-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Screen-Shot-2019-06-27-at-5.28.04-PM-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Screen-Shot-2019-06-27-at-5.28.04-PM.png 704w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/figure>Fort Frances<\/a><\/h3>\n<p>To Du Vernet, Fort Frances was the place where a young man had gotten into &#8220;trouble with a widow.&#8221; It was also, however, the oldest European settlement of continued existence west of Lake Superior.<br><a name=\"G\"><\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><em><a href=\"#top\">back to top<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3><a href=\"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/index.php\/galatians-220\/\"><figure><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-6565 size-medium alignleft\" src=\"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Screen-Shot-2019-06-27-at-5.29.28-PM-300x300.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Screen-Shot-2019-06-27-at-5.29.28-PM-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Screen-Shot-2019-06-27-at-5.29.28-PM-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Screen-Shot-2019-06-27-at-5.29.28-PM.png 730w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/figure>Galatians 2:20<\/a><\/h3>\n<p>Gal 2:20 is a short passage in a letter written by the Apostle Paul to a group of people who followed Jesus in what is now Turkey. In the King James Version, the letter is called \u201cThe Epistle of Paul to the Galatians,\u201d and is one of thirteen letters that are attributed to Paul.<br><a name=\"H\"><\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><em><a href=\"#top\">back to top<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3><a href=\"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/index.php\/heathen\/\"><figure><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft size-medium wp-image-2231\" src=\"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/detail-of-0499_ojibway-bible-300x278.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"278\" srcset=\"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/detail-of-0499_ojibway-bible-300x278.jpg 300w, https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/detail-of-0499_ojibway-bible.jpg 455w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/figure>Heathen<\/a><\/h3>\n<p>In Du Vernet\u2019s diary, the word heathen operates as an important marker of difference by distinguishing the Christian Ojibwe from other Ojibwe.&nbsp; Though he thought these people\u2019s \u201csouls needed saving,\u201d the diary also provides evidence that Ojibwe ceremony, including the Midewiwin society, was flourishing in the lives of the Rainy River Ojibwe.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><em><a href=\"#top\">back to top<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3><a href=\"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/index.php\/hungry-hall\/\"><figure><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft wp-image-2248 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/detail-of-0421_rainy-river-wild-land-reserve-300x284.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"284\" srcset=\"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/detail-of-0421_rainy-river-wild-land-reserve-300x284.jpg 300w, https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/detail-of-0421_rainy-river-wild-land-reserve-768x727.jpg 768w, https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/detail-of-0421_rainy-river-wild-land-reserve.jpg 941w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/figure>Hungry Hall<\/a><\/h3>\n<p>Hungry Hall No. 1 and 2 were two Ojibwe reserves situated on the Rainy River&#8217;s western mouth at the Lake of the Woods and contained 6,280 acres. Like Long Sault, Manitou Rapids and Little Forks, the Hungry Hall reserves came into existence in 1873 under Treaty 3 or the Manidoo Mazina\u2019igan (\u201cSpirit Paper\u201d or \u201cSacred Document.&#8221;)<br><a name=\"I\"><\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><em><a href=\"#top\">back to top<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3><a href=\"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/index.php\/indian-act\/\"><figure><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft wp-image-2244 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/detail-of-0502_indian-act-1-300x287.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"287\" srcset=\"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/detail-of-0502_indian-act-1-300x287.jpg 300w, https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/detail-of-0502_indian-act-1.jpg 495w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/figure>Indian Act<\/a><\/h3>\n<p>The power of Indian Agents and the introduction of the paternalistic Indian Act was, in the eyes of many Indigenous nations, in direct contravention of earlier treaties: where treaties were agreements between nations, the Indian Act was imposed, with no Indigenous input.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><em><a href=\"#top\">back to top<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3><a href=\"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/index.php\/indian-agent-2\/\"><figure><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft size-medium wp-image-2265\" src=\"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/detail-of-0493_indian-agent-house-300x229.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"229\" srcset=\"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/detail-of-0493_indian-agent-house-300x229.jpg 300w, https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/detail-of-0493_indian-agent-house-768x587.jpg 768w, https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/detail-of-0493_indian-agent-house-1024x783.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/figure>Indian Agent<\/a><\/h3>\n<p>Indian Agents were government officials, employed by the Department of Indian Affairs, today called Indigenous and Northern Affairs Canada. They were mandated by the Indian Act of 1876 to implement federal Indian policy and and to manage those people whom the government considered Indians within their respective districts.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><em><a href=\"#top\">back to top<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3><a href=\"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/index.php\/john-15\/\"><figure><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft wp-image-4303 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/detail_0547_John15-300x276.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"276\" srcset=\"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/detail_0547_John15-300x276.jpg 300w, https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/detail_0547_John15.jpg 439w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/figure>John 15<\/a><\/h3>\n<p>In the King James Version of the bible, which Du Vernet would have been reading, John 15: 5-6 recounts Jesus\u2019 powerful charge to his followers to \u201cabide\u201d in him.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><em><a href=\"#top\">back to top<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3><a href=\"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/index.php\/jeremiah-johnston\/\"><figure><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft wp-image-2233 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/0385_j-johnston_min_por-26194-r3-300x290.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"290\" srcset=\"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/0385_j-johnston_min_por-26194-r3-300x290.jpg 300w, https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/0385_j-johnston_min_por-26194-r3-768x743.jpg 768w, https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/0385_j-johnston_min_por-26194-r3.jpg 997w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/figure>Johnston, Jeremiah<\/a><\/h3>\n<p>Du Vernet was lucky to have Jeremiah Johnston as a host. With his ability to speak Anishinaabemowin, his friendly relations with the people on the river, and his skill at sterning a canoe, he was essential for Du Vernet\u2019s visits with the Ojibwe along the river.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><em><a href=\"#top\">back to top<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3><a href=\"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/index.php\/mary-johnston\/\"><figure><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft size-medium wp-image-2283\" src=\"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/detail-of-por-26194-r2-296x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"296\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/detail-of-por-26194-r2-296x300.jpg 296w, https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/detail-of-por-26194-r2.jpg 607w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 296px) 100vw, 296px\" \/><\/figure>Johnston, Mary<\/a><\/h3>\n<p>Mary Johnston was born Mary McLeod in Claudeboie, Manitoba, not far from where Jeremiah lived at St. Peter\u2019s. Her father was Scottish and her mother may have been either Cree or Ojibwe.<br><a name=\"L\"><\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><em><a href=\"#top\">back to top<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3><a href=\"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/index.php\/lake-of-the-woods\/\"><figure><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-6568 size-medium alignleft\" src=\"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Screen-Shot-2019-06-27-at-5.32.38-PM-300x300.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Screen-Shot-2019-06-27-at-5.32.38-PM-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Screen-Shot-2019-06-27-at-5.32.38-PM-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Screen-Shot-2019-06-27-at-5.32.38-PM-768x768.png 768w, https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Screen-Shot-2019-06-27-at-5.32.38-PM-1024x1024.png 1024w, https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Screen-Shot-2019-06-27-at-5.32.38-PM.png 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/figure>Lake of the Woods<\/a><\/h3>\n<p>While Du Vernet thought the lake &#8220;well deserves its name,&#8221; the Lake of the Woods&#8217; English name is likely a mistranslation of the even more precise Ojibwe name Pikwedina Sagainan, the &#8220;inland lake of the sand hills.&#8221;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><em><a href=\"#top\">back to top<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3><a href=\"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/index.php\/little-forks\/\"><figure><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-6550 size-medium alignleft\" src=\"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Screen-Shot-2019-06-27-at-5.14.52-PM-300x262.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"262\" srcset=\"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Screen-Shot-2019-06-27-at-5.14.52-PM-300x262.png 300w, https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Screen-Shot-2019-06-27-at-5.14.52-PM-768x671.png 768w, https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Screen-Shot-2019-06-27-at-5.14.52-PM-1024x895.png 1024w, https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Screen-Shot-2019-06-27-at-5.14.52-PM.png 1314w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/figure>Little Forks<\/a><\/h3>\n<p>Located at the confluence of the Rainy River and the Little Forks river, Little Forks was what the 1890s Ontario government map called \u201cIndian Reserve 10.\u201d<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><em><a href=\"#top\">back to top<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3><a href=\"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/index.php\/long-sault\/\"><figure><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-6570 size-medium alignleft\" src=\"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Screen-Shot-2019-06-27-at-5.34.48-PM-300x300.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Screen-Shot-2019-06-27-at-5.34.48-PM-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Screen-Shot-2019-06-27-at-5.34.48-PM-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Screen-Shot-2019-06-27-at-5.34.48-PM.png 524w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/figure>Long Sault<\/a><\/h3>\n<p>For much of Du Vernet&#8217;s diary, he is describing his visit at the Long Sault reserve. While the reserve itself was relatively new, the Long Sault as a historical site stretches back millennium.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><em><a href=\"#top\">back to top<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3><a href=\"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/index.php\/long-sault-graveyard\/\"><figure><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft size-medium wp-image-2235\" src=\"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/detail-of-0491_long-sault-graveyard-289x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"289\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/detail-of-0491_long-sault-graveyard-289x300.jpg 289w, https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/detail-of-0491_long-sault-graveyard-768x796.jpg 768w, https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/detail-of-0491_long-sault-graveyard-988x1024.jpg 988w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 289px) 100vw, 289px\" \/><\/figure>Long Sault Graveyard<\/a><\/h3>\n<p>Behind the Long Sault church was a well-tended graveyard with marble stones and a wooden cross. Du Vernet favourably compared the traditional Ojibwe grave houses to these Christian ones.<br><a name=\"M\"><\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><em><a href=\"#top\">back to top<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3><a href=\"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/index.php\/manitou-mounds\/\"><figure><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft size-medium wp-image-2173\" src=\"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/0491_manitou-mounds-300x200.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"200\" srcset=\"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/0491_manitou-mounds-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/0491_manitou-mounds-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/0491_manitou-mounds-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/0491_manitou-mounds-600x400.jpg 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/figure>Manitou Mounds<\/a><\/h3>\n<p>Taking a walk along the \u201creserve by the river bend\u201d with Jeremiah Johnston, Du Vernet remarks that they \u201cpassed two Indian mounds, prehistoric, the Indians will not allow them to be opened.\u201d<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><em><a href=\"#top\">back to top<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3><a href=\"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/index.php\/manitou-rapids\/\"><figure><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft size-medium wp-image-2236\" src=\"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/detail-of-0492_manitou-rapids-300x264.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"264\" srcset=\"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/detail-of-0492_manitou-rapids-300x264.jpg 300w, https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/detail-of-0492_manitou-rapids-768x675.jpg 768w, https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/detail-of-0492_manitou-rapids-1024x900.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/detail-of-0492_manitou-rapids.jpg 1089w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/figure>Manitou Rapids<\/a><\/h3>\n<p>Manitou Rapids designated two adjacent Ojibwe reserves located on the north bank of the Rainy River, opposite of the rapids from which the reserves took their name and covering an area of 5,736 acres.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><em><a href=\"#top\">back to top<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3><a href=\"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/index.php\/joseph-mcleod\/\"><figure><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft size-medium wp-image-2380\" src=\"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/detail-of-0508_tugs-rainy-river-300x274.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"274\" srcset=\"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/detail-of-0508_tugs-rainy-river-300x274.jpg 300w, https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/detail-of-0508_tugs-rainy-river.jpg 363w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/figure>McLeod, Joseph<\/a><\/h3>\n<p>Joseph McLeod, born in 1840, was married to an Ojibwe woman named Annie, and together they had five children. Du Vernet called Joseph a \u201cChristian Indian\u201d and noted his participation in the Eucharistic service in Long Sault on, July 17.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><em><a href=\"#top\">back to top<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3><a href=\"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/index.php\/medicine-man\/\"><figure><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft size-medium wp-image-2423\" src=\"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/detail-of-0513_shaking-tent-300x288.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"288\" srcset=\"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/detail-of-0513_shaking-tent-300x288.jpg 300w, https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/detail-of-0513_shaking-tent.jpg 365w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/figure>Medicine Man<\/a><\/h3>\n<p>Du Vernet seemed to be aware of both the medicine men\u2019s spiritual power and their social importance, which perhaps went hand in hand in the Ojibwe social world. These medicine men were important keepers of culture and ceremony tasked with the duty to carry on tradition, which explains why Jeremiah Johnston and Du Vernet encountered so much resistance from them.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><em><a href=\"#top\">back to top<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3><a href=\"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/index.php\/medicine-tent\/\"><figure><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft size-full wp-image-2239\" src=\"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/detail-of-0429_Midewiwin-lodge.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"251\" height=\"220\"><\/figure>Medicine Tent<\/a><\/h3>\n<p>What does Du Vernet mean when he speaks about the \u201cmedicine tent\u201d or \u201clong tent\u201d? Du Vernet mentions the \u201cmedicine tent\u201d several times throughout his diary, often lamenting about how the Ojibwe Christians\u2014despite missionary efforts to discourage the practice\u2014continue to return to Ojibwe ceremony in the medicine tent or long tent.<br><a name=\"N\"><\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><em><a href=\"#top\">back to top<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3><a href=\"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/index.php\/nearer-my-god-to-thee\/\"><figure><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft size-medium wp-image-2241\" src=\"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/detail-of-0497_nearer-my-god-300x260.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"260\" srcset=\"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/detail-of-0497_nearer-my-god-300x260.jpg 300w, https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/detail-of-0497_nearer-my-god.jpg 401w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/figure>Nearer, My God, to Thee<\/a><\/h3>\n<p>Nearer, my God, to thee, nearer to thee!<br>E&#8217;en though it be a cross that raiseth me,<br>still all my song shall be,<br><a name=\"O\"><\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><em><a href=\"#top\">back to top<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3><a href=\"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/index.php\/ojibwe\/\"><figure><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft wp-image-2242 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/detail-of-0439_ojibwe-wigwam.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"255\" height=\"247\"><\/figure>Ojibwe<\/a><\/h3>\n<p>In his diary, Du Vernet meets many Ojibwe people, seeing their culture and hearing their language first hand. The Ojibwe, also known as Anishinaabe, are Indigenous peoples whose traditional territories surround and radiate outward from the Great Lakes, on both sides of what is now the Canada-US border.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><em><a href=\"#top\">back to top<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3><a href=\"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/index.php\/on-the-term-indian\/\"><figure><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft size-medium wp-image-2244\" src=\"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/detail-of-0502_indian-act-1-300x287.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"287\" srcset=\"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/detail-of-0502_indian-act-1-300x287.jpg 300w, https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/detail-of-0502_indian-act-1.jpg 495w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/figure>On the Term &#8220;Indian&#8221;<\/a><\/h3>\n<p>Du Vernet constantly refers to the Ojibwe peoples he encounters as \u201cIndians\u201d \u2013 his use of the word reflects the language and concepts of his day. Though the category of \u201cIndian\u201d was a legal designation in Canada because of the \u201cIndian Act,\u201d as a name for Indigenous people it originated in a profound error.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><em><a href=\"#top\">back to top<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3><a href=\"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/index.php\/only-trust-him\/\" data-wp-editing=\"1\"><figure><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-6575 size-medium alignleft\" src=\"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Screen-Shot-2019-06-27-at-5.42.56-PM-300x268.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"268\" srcset=\"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Screen-Shot-2019-06-27-at-5.42.56-PM-300x268.png 300w, https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Screen-Shot-2019-06-27-at-5.42.56-PM-768x686.png 768w, https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Screen-Shot-2019-06-27-at-5.42.56-PM.png 880w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/figure>Only Trust Him<\/a><\/h3>\n<p>Come, every soul by sin oppressed,<br>there&#8217;s mercy with the Lord;<br>and he will surely give you rest,<br>by trusting in his Word.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><em><a href=\"#top\">back to top<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3><a href=\"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/index.php\/onward-christian-soldiers\/\"><figure><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft size-medium wp-image-2261\" src=\"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/detail-of-0496_onward-xn-soldiers-300x280.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"280\" srcset=\"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/detail-of-0496_onward-xn-soldiers-300x280.jpg 300w, https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/detail-of-0496_onward-xn-soldiers.jpg 373w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/figure>Onward Christian Soldiers<\/a><\/h3>\n<p>Onward Christian soldiers!<br>Marching as to war,<br>With the cross of Jesus<br>Going on before.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><em><a href=\"#top\">back to top<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3><a href=\"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/?p=274&amp;preview=true\"><figure><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-6577 size-medium alignleft\" src=\"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Screen-Shot-2019-06-27-at-6.06.05-PM-300x300.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Screen-Shot-2019-06-27-at-6.06.05-PM-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Screen-Shot-2019-06-27-at-6.06.05-PM-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Screen-Shot-2019-06-27-at-6.06.05-PM.png 644w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/figure>Ordain<\/a><\/h3>\n<p>In the Anglican Church, the ordination service is a rite that imparts the spiritual power to serve as a minister, whether as an archdeacon or priest. The <em>Book of Common Prayer<\/em> provides the directions and materials for the ordination service, with the rite following five main parts.<br><a name=\"P\"><\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><em><a href=\"#top\">back to top<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3><a href=\"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/index.php\/robert-phair\/\"><figure><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-6579 size-medium alignleft\" src=\"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Screen-Shot-2019-06-27-at-6.07.09-PM-269x300.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"269\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Screen-Shot-2019-06-27-at-6.07.09-PM-269x300.png 269w, https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Screen-Shot-2019-06-27-at-6.07.09-PM.png 394w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 269px) 100vw, 269px\" \/><\/figure>Phair, Robert<\/a><\/h3>\n<p>Robert Phair was born in County Tyrone, Ireland in 1837. He trained for two years at the Church Missionary Society College in Islington, London, and was ordained as a Deacon in 1864.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><em><a href=\"#top\">back to top<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3><a href=\"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/index.php\/mr-pither\/\"><figure><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft size-medium wp-image-2425\" src=\"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/detail-of-0518_RobertPither-300x277.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"277\" srcset=\"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/detail-of-0518_RobertPither-300x277.jpg 300w, https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/detail-of-0518_RobertPither-768x709.jpg 768w, https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/detail-of-0518_RobertPither.jpg 883w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/figure>Pither, Mr.<\/a><\/h3>\n<p>Du Vernet spent his first evening in Rat Portage (modern day Kenora) with Robert John Nicholson Pither, the Indian Agent for the area. Mr. Pither was born in Montreal in 1824. He started working for the Hudson&#8217;s Bay Company in 1846, and in 1853 moved to Fort Frances. Here he was in charge of the trading post from 1853 to 1856 and 1858 to 1863.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><em><a href=\"#top\">back to top<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3><a href=\"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/index.php\/pow-wow\/\"><figure><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft size-medium wp-image-2175\" src=\"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/0484_pow-wow-grounds-300x200.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"200\" srcset=\"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/0484_pow-wow-grounds-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/0484_pow-wow-grounds-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/0484_pow-wow-grounds-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/0484_pow-wow-grounds-600x400.jpg 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/figure>Pow Wow<\/a><\/h3>\n<p>Among Anishinaabe, a pow-wow is an event that incorporates singing, dancing, feasting, and the exchange of cultural knowledge. There are two types: traditional and competition pow-wows.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><em><a href=\"#top\">back to top<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3><a href=\"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/index.php\/prayer\/\"><figure><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft wp-image-2250 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/detail-of-0494_ojibwe-book-of-common-prayer-291x300.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"291\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/detail-of-0494_ojibwe-book-of-common-prayer-291x300.png 291w, https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/detail-of-0494_ojibwe-book-of-common-prayer.png 527w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 291px) 100vw, 291px\" \/><\/figure>Prayer<\/a><\/h3>\n<p>Both Christian and Ojibwe people use prayer as a means of spiritual communication. In Ojibwe spirituality, prayer is often considered a pathway for communication with the Creator, Kitchi Manitou.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><em><a href=\"#top\">back to top<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3><a href=\"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/index.php\/private-property\/\"><figure><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft wp-image-2249 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/detail-of-0446_map_rainy-river-1908_thumbnail.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"281\" height=\"259\"><\/figure>Private Property<\/a><\/h3>\n<p>Du Vernet brings up the topic of private property after conversing with James Taylor Rodgers, a lawyer and socialist from San Francisco. The two met on Du Vernet\u2019s journey from Toronto.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><em><a href=\"#top\">back to top<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3><a href=\"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/index.php\/psalm-121\/\"><figure><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft size-medium wp-image-4338\" src=\"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/detail_0549_Psalm121-300x287.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"287\" srcset=\"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/detail_0549_Psalm121-300x287.jpg 300w, https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/detail_0549_Psalm121.jpg 425w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/figure>Psalm 121<\/a><\/h3>\n<p>The book of Psalms, of which Psalm 121 is a part, has been a collection of liturgical poems, hymns, and chants for Jewish people for thousands of years. Many psalms are attributed to ancient Jewish heroes like King David, but this one is unattributed.<br><a name=\"R\"><\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><em><a href=\"#top\">back to top<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3><a href=\"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/index.php\/rainy-river\/\"><figure><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft wp-image-2251 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/dwtail-of-DSC_0243-300x261.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"261\" srcset=\"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/dwtail-of-DSC_0243-300x261.jpg 300w, https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/dwtail-of-DSC_0243-768x668.jpg 768w, https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/dwtail-of-DSC_0243-1024x890.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/figure>Rainy River<\/a><\/h3>\n<p>The Rainy River is so central to Du Vernet&#8217;s diary that it almost becomes a character in itself. The River connects the towns and villages Du Vernet passed through, and Du Vernet never tired of describing its beauty.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><em><a href=\"#top\">back to top<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3><a href=\"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/index.php\/rat-portage\/\"><figure><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft wp-image-2252 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/detail-of-0400_rat-portage-main-st-300x286.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"286\" srcset=\"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/detail-of-0400_rat-portage-main-st-300x286.jpg 300w, https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/detail-of-0400_rat-portage-main-st.jpg 476w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/figure>Rat Portage<\/a><\/h3>\n<p>Upon his arrival on July 22nd, Du Vernet could not help but comment on the late night beauty of Rat Portage. A scenic town at the northern end of the Lake of the Woods, Rat Portage owed its curious name to its Indigenous history.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><em><a href=\"#top\">back to top<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3><a href=\"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/?p=291&amp;preview=true\"><figure><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft wp-image-2232 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/0386_james-taylor-rogers-300x257.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"257\" srcset=\"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/0386_james-taylor-rogers-300x257.jpg 300w, https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/0386_james-taylor-rogers.jpg 320w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/figure>Rogers, James Taylor<\/a><\/h3>\n<p>James Taylor Rogers was an unusual lawyer for his day. A socialist with a well-articulated philosophy of evolution, who insisted on the sharing of the world\u2019s resources, Rogers was also a Mason, active in a fraternal order called the Association of United Workmen.<br><a name=\"S\"><\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><em><a href=\"#top\">back to top<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3><a href=\"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/index.php\/s-s-keenora\/\"><figure><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft size-medium wp-image-2262\" src=\"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/detail-of-0483_ss-keenora-300x253.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"253\" srcset=\"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/detail-of-0483_ss-keenora-300x253.jpg 300w, https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/detail-of-0483_ss-keenora.jpg 587w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/figure>S. S. Keenora<\/a><\/h3>\n<p>The S.S. Keenora was a steamer built in 1897 to carry passengers and cargo. With her sixty-five-cabin capacity, the S.S. Keenora would travel up and down the Lake of the Woods and Rainy River, from Rat Portage to Little Forks.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><em><a href=\"#top\">back to top<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3><a href=\"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/index.php\/john-sanders\/\"><figure><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-6581 size-medium alignleft\" src=\"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Screen-Shot-2019-06-27-at-6.08.57-PM-300x300.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Screen-Shot-2019-06-27-at-6.08.57-PM-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Screen-Shot-2019-06-27-at-6.08.57-PM-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Screen-Shot-2019-06-27-at-6.08.57-PM.png 740w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/figure>Sanders, John<\/a><\/h3>\n<p>John Sanders was an Anglican clergyman and translator. Born on March 17, 1845, Sanders&#8217;s mother was an Ojibwe woman, while his father was a white canoe builder. Growing up, Sanders spoke Ojibwe, but later learnt English and Cree.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><em><a href=\"#top\">back to top<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3><a href=\"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/index.php\/scriptures-for-christian-missionaries\/\"><figure><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-4351 alignleft\" src=\"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/09\/detail-of-du-vernet_diary_01v-300x294.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"294\" srcset=\"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/09\/detail-of-du-vernet_diary_01v-300x294.jpg 300w, https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/09\/detail-of-du-vernet_diary_01v-768x754.jpg 768w, https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/09\/detail-of-du-vernet_diary_01v-1024x1005.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/09\/detail-of-du-vernet_diary_01v.jpg 1069w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/figure>Scriptures for Christian Missionaries<\/a><\/h3>\n<p>When Du Vernet wrote his diary, he did so on a pad of paper from The Canadian Church Missionary Association. Printed above the name of the Association at the top of each sheet are two biblical references and a short quotation from John 4:35 in the King James Version of the New Testament.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><em><a href=\"#top\">back to top<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3><a href=\"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/index.php\/selkirk\/\"><figure><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft wp-image-1837 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/10\/0409_Selkirk-docks-300x235.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"235\" srcset=\"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/10\/0409_Selkirk-docks-300x235.jpg 300w, https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/10\/0409_Selkirk-docks.jpg 500w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/figure>Selkirk<\/a><\/h3>\n<p>After his travels along the Rainy River, Du Vernet found his way to East and West Selkirk, two towns just north of Winnipeg, separated by the Red River.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><em><a href=\"#top\">back to top<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3><a href=\"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/index.php\/settlers-grant-of-land\/\"><figure><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft size-medium wp-image-2264\" src=\"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/detail-of-G_3500_2217_1902_R-300x258.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"258\" srcset=\"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/detail-of-G_3500_2217_1902_R-300x258.jpg 300w, https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/detail-of-G_3500_2217_1902_R-768x660.jpg 768w, https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/detail-of-G_3500_2217_1902_R-1024x879.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/figure>Settler&#8217;s Grant of Land<\/a><\/h3>\n<p>When the government of Canada and Ojibwe leaders signed Treaty 3 in 1873, the Rainy River District was incorporated into the province of Ontario as Crown Land.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><em><a href=\"#top\">back to top<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3><a href=\"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/index.php\/socialist\/\"><figure><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-6583 size-medium alignleft\" src=\"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Screen-Shot-2019-06-27-at-6.10.30-PM-300x300.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Screen-Shot-2019-06-27-at-6.10.30-PM-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Screen-Shot-2019-06-27-at-6.10.30-PM-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Screen-Shot-2019-06-27-at-6.10.30-PM.png 576w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/figure>Socialist<\/a><\/h3>\n<p>Opposed to free market capitalism for the way that it concentrated wealth in the hands of a small minority of owners, socialists struggled for labour rights and for collective ownership of public goods, including railways and hydroelectricity.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><em><a href=\"#top\">back to top<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3><a href=\"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/index.php\/st-peters\/\"><figure><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft wp-image-2253 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/detail-of-0402_st-peters-300x284.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"284\" srcset=\"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/detail-of-0402_st-peters-300x284.jpg 300w, https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/detail-of-0402_st-peters.jpg 336w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/figure>St. Peter\u2019s<\/a><\/h3>\n<p>St. Peter&#8217;s was a community of Cree and Saulteaux peoples in the Red River Valley, in what is today southern Manitoba. A band of Swampy Crees, led by Chief Peguis, and Saulteaux peoples established the community as an agricultural settlement in the early nineteenth century.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><em><a href=\"#top\">back to top<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3><a href=\"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/index.php\/steamer\/\"><figure><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft wp-image-2254 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/detail-of-0482_steamer-300x253.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"253\" srcset=\"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/detail-of-0482_steamer-300x253.jpg 300w, https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/detail-of-0482_steamer.jpg 651w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/figure>Steamer<\/a><\/h3>\n<p>By the 1890s, the steamboat was the main way for Europeans to access the Rainy River. In fact, the Rainy River first became important to the Dominion Government of Canada precisely because it could be navigated by steamboats.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><em><a href=\"#top\">back to top<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3><a href=\"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/index.php\/steamer-pilot\/\"><figure><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft wp-image-2255 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/detail-of-0480_steamer-pilot-282x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"282\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/detail-of-0480_steamer-pilot-282x300.jpg 282w, https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/detail-of-0480_steamer-pilot.jpg 350w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 282px) 100vw, 282px\" \/><\/figure>Steamer Pilot<\/a><\/h3>\n<p>Native men often worked as steamer pilots on the Rainy River. On his tour, Du Vernet met Chief Blackbird, John Crowe, and John Cochrane, all of whom were employed as pilots. This was a salaried job.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><em><a href=\"#top\">back to top<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3><a href=\"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/index.php\/sweating-tent\/\"><figure><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft wp-image-2256 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/0478_sweat-lodge-300x266.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"266\" srcset=\"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/0478_sweat-lodge-300x266.jpg 300w, https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/0478_sweat-lodge-768x682.jpg 768w, https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/0478_sweat-lodge.jpg 875w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/figure>Sweating Tent<\/a><\/h3>\n<p>Walking around Long Sault on Sunday July 17, Jeremiah Johnston and Du Vernet visit \u201cgrandfather\u2019s place,&#8221; where nearby there is \u201csweating tent.&#8221; Du Vernet describes the \u201csweating tent\u201d with a keen eye and in great detail.<br><a name=\"T\"><\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><em><a href=\"#top\">back to top<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3><a href=\"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/index.php\/horace-theker\/\"><figure><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft wp-image-2229 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/detail-of-0487_theker-st-300x259.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"259\" srcset=\"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/detail-of-0487_theker-st-300x259.jpg 300w, https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/detail-of-0487_theker-st-768x663.jpg 768w, https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/detail-of-0487_theker-st-1024x885.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/figure>Theker, Horace<\/a><\/h3>\n<p>On July 17, Du Vernet described Horace Theker, a settler who walked five miles to attend the church service in Long Sault. Theker had come to \u201ca knowledge of the Saviour\u201d when injured in a wood cutting accident many years ago; his considerable effort to attend the service \u201cmeant much\u201d to Du Vernet.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><em><a href=\"#top\">back to top<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3><a href=\"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/index.php\/tom-tom\/\"><figure><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft size-medium wp-image-2193\" src=\"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/0477_drum-290x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"290\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/0477_drum-290x300.jpg 290w, https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/01\/0477_drum.jpg 750w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 290px) 100vw, 290px\" \/><\/figure>Tom Tom<\/a><\/h3>\n<p>Drums are used in many cultures throughout the world in cultural, spiritual, or religious ceremonies. Du Vernet first mentions drums \u2013 tom-tom \u2013 on July 17th.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><em><a href=\"#top\">back to top<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3><a href=\"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/index.php\/treaty-money\/\"><figure><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft size-medium wp-image-2196\" src=\"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/0475_treaty-money-300x231.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"231\" srcset=\"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/0475_treaty-money-300x231.png 300w, https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/0475_treaty-money.png 766w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/figure>Treaty Money<\/a><\/h3>\n<p>When Du Vernet reaches Rat Portage he remarks in his diary that he saw \u201cIndians buying things in the shop with their treaty money (5$ per head).\u201d<br><a name=\"V\"><\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><em><a href=\"#top\">back to top<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3><a href=\"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/index.php\/voyageurs-of-the-sudan\/\"><figure><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft wp-image-2257 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/0411_Gordon-Relief-Expedition-300x273.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"273\" srcset=\"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/0411_Gordon-Relief-Expedition-300x273.jpg 300w, https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/0411_Gordon-Relief-Expedition.jpg 475w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/figure>Voyageurs of the Sudan<\/a><\/h3>\n<p>Though born in a small Indigenous community along the Red River, at the age of 24 Jeremiah Johnston found himself far from home, along the sun baked banks of the Nile.<br><a name=\"W\"><\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><em><a href=\"#top\">back to top<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3><a href=\"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/index.php\/wig-wam\/\"><figure><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft wp-image-2892 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/detail-of-0540_wigwam-densmore-300x258.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"258\" srcset=\"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/detail-of-0540_wigwam-densmore-300x258.jpg 300w, https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/detail-of-0540_wigwam-densmore-768x660.jpg 768w, https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/detail-of-0540_wigwam-densmore.jpg 799w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/figure>Wigwam<\/a><\/h3>\n<p>A wigwam is a dome-shaped dwelling, built with young saplings for a frame. It is typically covered in bark, moss, or branches with leaves, depending on the season. Community builders left a hole in the center of the roof for the smoke of the fire to travel to the sky.<br><a name=\"Y\"><\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><em><a href=\"#top\">back to top<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3><a href=\"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/index.php\/york-factory\/\"><figure><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft wp-image-2258 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/0403_york-factory-depot-300x266.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"266\" srcset=\"https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/0403_york-factory-depot-300x266.jpg 300w, https:\/\/storynations.utoronto.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/0403_york-factory-depot.jpg 507w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/figure>York Factory<\/a><\/h3>\n<p>York Factory&nbsp;was the operational headquarters of the powerful Hudson&#8217;s Bay Company (HBC). Situated in northern Manitoba, where the Hayes River meets the Hudson&#8217;s Bay, the Hudson&#8217;s Bay Company established York Factory in 1684 as a fur trading post.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><em><a href=\"#top\">back to top<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n<hr><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Image: Du Vernet&#8217;s Diary Entry on Jeremiah Johnston (detail), 1898, Paper and ink. From&nbsp;Frederick H. Du Vernet, \u201cDiary of a Missionary Tour,\u201d&nbsp;Anglican Church of Canada General Synod Archives,&nbsp;M81-41. RESTORYING COLONIAL AND MISSIONARY ARCHIVES:Defining Terms and Providing Context This is a list of all of the articles written to clarify specific words used in the diary. [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":10,"featured_media":3125,"parent":148,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_exactmetrics_skip_tracking":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_active":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_note":"","_exactmetrics_sitenote_category":0,"_genesis_hide_title":false,"_genesis_hide_breadcrumbs":false,"_genesis_hide_singular_image":false,"_genesis_hide_footer_widgets":false,"_genesis_custom_body_class":"","_genesis_custom_post_class":"","_genesis_layout":"","footnotes":""},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v22.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Glossary and Index | Kiinawin Kawindomowin \u2014 Story Nations<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"http:\/\/storynations.preview.artsci.utoronto.ca\/index.php\/the-diary\/article-archive\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Glossary and Index | Kiinawin Kawindomowin \u2014 Story Nations\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Image: Du Vernet&#8217;s Diary Entry on Jeremiah Johnston (detail), 1898, Paper and ink. 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