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Kiinawin Kawindomowin — Story Nations

The diary of a missionary on Ojibwe land

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Episode 9: The Story of Chief Blackbird and the Church

https://storynations.utoronto.ca/wp-content/uploads/2017/09/09_The-Story-of-Chief-Blackbird-and-the-Church.mp3

Click on the “play” button to hear the diary episode read aloud, and click on the green tab 1 to learn more about a word or phrase.
Find Du Vernet on a map.

Saturday, July 16:

Up bright and early, I went down to the river and had a swim. Fortunately the wind was blowing the mosquitoes away from the bend of the barge. After dressing I lay on the barge to get a little rest.

Reverend Jeremiah Johnston (left) with Mr. Richardson at Long Sault, Rainy River, Ontario, ca. 1925. Courtesy of the Minnesota Historical Society.

After breakfast I took a look round the mission property. In two years, Mr. Johnston 2 has cleared about 5 acres, and has a garden which looks well. There is also a log stable and an icehouse 3 , but this has not preserved ice this year owing to the heavy rains. The house (wooden clap boarded, with an extension kitchen) stands on a pretty site back from the river a hundred yards. Then there is a little dip and beyond this on a second and higher hill is the Church 4 , the flag staff being placed between the two.

The Church is on the site of the old Chief’s 5 house. How this was managed shows some ingenuity on the part of Mr. Johnston: he went to the present Chief 6 (a son of the old Chief) and said “I do not know how you do things here but among white people in the far lands, it is very customary to erect a building as a monument to some great man. Now we are going to build a Church. If we were to build it on the site of your father’s old house which has tumbled to pieces, this would be a monument to him 7 . For years to come people passing up and down the river would say ‘that Church marks the site of where the old Chief of this Reserve used to live.’” Chief Blackbird 8 was very much taken with this idea and gave his consent to the Church being built there. The old Chief’s grave is near the bank of the River.

A church at the nearby town of Barwick. Although this is not the church described by Du Vernet, it is a good example of a clapboard church building. Photograph by Pamela Klassen, 2015.

The Church is a very neat wooden building, clap boarded on the outside walls and the walls and ceiling are boarded inside. It is built in a cruciform 9 and has a chancel 10 . Mr. Johnston made the chancel rail and the reading desk. The inside is very bare and needs texts. A turret and a bell 11 are also needed. The bell would help bring many more to the services. At the back of the Church is the graveyard 12 , with two or three marble stones and a wooden cross. The Indians take great care of their graves 13 , and it is right that the Christians should do the same.

I took a photo of the Church from near the flag staff 14 and one of the graves as Mr. Johnston wanted to send a picture home to the relatives of a former Catechist from England 15 , to whose memory the white marble cross has been erected.


« EPISODE 8: DOWN THE RAPIDS
EPISODE 10: MRS. JOHNSTON’S STORIES OF SAVING THE DROWNING »

| « RETURN TO DIARY OVERVIEW
Previous Post: « Episode 8: Down the Rapids
Next Post: Christian Hymns »

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  1. X
    green tab
  2. X
    Mr. Johnston

    Jeremiah Johnston was an ordained Anglican missionary of Swampy Cree background, and Du Vernet’s host on the Rainy River. Read more.

  3. X
    icehouse

    A building for storing ice.

  4. X
    Church

    The Anglican Church built at Long Sault by Jeremiah Johnston in 1896 was the first church to be built on Ojibwe land on the Rainy River.

  5. X
    old Chief’s

    This “old Chief” was likely Mawedopenais, a signer of Treaty 3 whose words are still frequently quoted: “The Great Spirit planted us here…He has given us rules that we should follow to govern ourselves rightly.”

  6. X
    present Chief

    Chief Blackbird.

  7. X
    monument to him

    Jeremiah Johnston’s approach to persuading Chief Blackbird to build the church on the land of his father’s grave was a very common Christian missionary tactic, even from the earliest days of Christianity. Missionaries often sought out non-Christian places of spiritual power and communal gathering in order to draw on the power of these sites of memory for their own ends.

  8. X
    Chief Blackbird

    Chief Blackbird was a leader at Long Sault when Du Vernet visited in 1898 and was also likely the son of the “old Chief” Mawedopenais, a signer of Treaty 3. If any readers know more about Chief Blackbird, please let us know.

  9. X
    cruciform

     the shape of a cross.

  10. X
    chancel

    The area of the church near the altar. It is used by the choir and the clergy.

  11. X
    bell

    In two years time Du Vernet got his wish. A mother responded to an appeal in the Gleaner, the Anglican newspaper which he edited,  for a new bell at the Long Sault church. She gave the bell in memory of her child Mabel, writing “my little daughter will now have a clear-voiced deputy calling the Indians to Christ.”

  12. X
    the graveyard

    The Anglican graveyard at Long Sault was located beside the church, and can still be seen at the Kay-Nah-Chi-Wah-Nung Historical Centre. Read more.

    Photo of Joseph Edwin Wain’s grave at Long Sault. Photograph by Pamela Klassen, 2015.

  13. X
    their graves

    Du Vernet showed a fascination and respect for Ojibwe burial practices throughout his diary. He described the Ojibwe gravesites he observed on an afternoon walk on Monday July 18th with great curiosity and detail, and went so far as to suggest that Ojibwe practices should be the model for Christian ones: “as the Indians take great care of their graves it is right that the Christians should do the same.” Read more.

    Burial Mounds at Long Sault. Photograph by Pamela Klassen, 2015.

  14. X
    the flag staff

    This flagstaff was likely flying the Union Jack, a waving symbol of the colonial attempt to claim Ojibwe land even on the reserve.

  15. X
    Catechist from England

    A teacher of the basic tenets of Christianity.