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Kiinawin Kawindomowin — Story Nations

The diary of a missionary on Ojibwe land

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Episode 12: The Evening Service

https://storynations.utoronto.ca/wp-content/uploads/2017/11/12_The-Evening-Service.mp3

Click on the “play” button to hear the diary episode read aloud, and click on the green tab 1 to learn more about a word or phrase.
Find Du Vernet on a map.

The church graveyard at Rainy River.

At the evening service there were not so many – we heard afterwards that there was a great dance going on 2 and that eight horses had been gambled away. I heard the tom-tom 3 at 12 that night, and at 2 and, alas, 3 o’clock as I could not sleep because of the heat and the mosquitoes.

There were about 14 present at the evening service, 8 being Indians 4 . Thomas Bunyan 5 , a baptized 6 Christian 7 , had let his house for “the big tent” (for the dance and gambling). Thomas is trying to face both ways, I am afraid. He is a brother of the old Chief 8 .

“Alas! And Did My Saviour Bleed?” in The Anglican Hymn Book, 1871. Courtesy of archive.org.

As there were so few Indians present and some of those could understand English I read the last part of my sermon slowly: I preached on the Son of God who loved me so (Gal 2:20) 9 , with Mr. Johnston 10 translating. I did not quote sentence by sentence, knowing that Mr. Johnston could easily follow my simple remarks, so I gave a complete idea in a short paragraph.

The singing was very good.

“Onward Christian Soldiers” 11 seemed very stirring, and “Alas and did My Saviour bleed” 12 was very touching. By the time the service was drawing to a close we could scarcely see to read so we sang the doxology 13 in Indian 14 and offered up the closing prayers and pronounced the benediction 15 , thus bringing to a close one of the most memorable days in my life.

Photo of Theker Street in Stratton, named after Horace Theker. Photograph by Pamela Klassen, 2015.

Horace Theker 16 ‘s pathetic remark, spoken under the great affliction of a stoppage of speech, “You won’t forget me,” will long linger in my memory. He borrowed Mr. Johnston’s boat to go down the river three miles, from where he would walk a further three miles.

[July 17th, 1898]


« EPISODE 11: THE MORNING SERVICE
EPISODE 13: FOLLOWING THE TOM TOM »

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  1. X
    green tab
  2. X
    great dance going on

    The dance that caused attendance to plummet at the evening the church service shows that traditional Ojibwe gatherings remained attractive and important even to those people who went to Church.

  3. X
    tom-tom

    A tom-tom is a drum, often used in ceremony. Read more.

    A modified British military drum that has been painted by an Anishinaabe artist with images of spiritual and ceremonial significance. Courtesy of the British Museum.

  4. X
    Indians

    Du Vernet constantly refers to the Ojibwe peoples he encounters as “Indians” – his use of the word reflects the language and concepts of his day. Though the category of “Indian” was a legal designation in Canada because of the “Indian Act,” as a name for Indigenous people it originated in a profound error. As the story goes, when Christopher Columbus arrived in the Americas in 1492 he believed he had arrived in India – and therefore called the peoples he encountered Indians, ignoring their diverse languages, spiritual traditions, and forms of governance. Read more.

    A section of the 1876 Indian Act. Courtesy of Early Canada Online.

  5. X
    Thomas Bunyan

    Thomas Bunyan was an Ojibwe Christian, whom Du Vernet says was the brother of Mawedopenais. Du Vernet wrote that Bunyan was “facing both ways” in reference to Bunyan’s practice of following both Christian and Ojibwe spiritual traditions. If any readers have more information about Thomas Bunyan, please let us know.Read more.

  6. X
    baptized

    Baptism is the ritual of entry into the Christian church. Within Anglicanism, a priest sprinkles water over the head of the person being baptized, and says specific prayers. In Anglicanism, infant baptism is widely practiced, but adult converts will also be baptized. Read more.

    Page from the Book of Common Prayer discussing the rite of baptism. Courtesy of anglican.org.

  7. X
    Christian

    When Du Vernet writes “Christian”, he usually means an Anglican, or a person who was baptized in the Church of England. Read more.

  8. X
    old Chief

    This “old Chief” was likely Mawedopenais, a signer of Treaty 3 whose words are still frequently quoted: “The Great Spirit planted us here…He has given us rules that we should follow to govern ourselves rightly.”

  9. X
    Son of God who loved me so (Gal 2:20)

    Du Vernet paraphrases the last part of Gal 2:20, which reads in the King James Bible:

    “I am crucified with Christ: nevertheless I live; yet not I, but Christ liveth in me: and the life which I now live in the flesh I live by the faith of the Son of God, who loved me, and gave himself for me”. Read more.

  10. X
    Mr. Johnston

    Jeremiah Johnston was an ordained Anglican missionary of Swampy Cree background, and Du Vernet’s host on the Rainy River. Read more.

    Reverend Jeremiah Johnston (left) with Mr. Richardson at Long Sault, Rainy River, Ontario, ca. 1925. Courtesy of the Minnesota Historical Society.

  11. X
    “Onward Christian Soldiers”

    A popular Christian hymn that blended military metaphors with the work of mission, Onward Christian Soldiers was written in the 1860s by Sabine Baring-Gould, an Anglican priest in England. The first stanza reads:

    Onward Christian soldiers!
    Marching as to war,
    With the cross of Jesus
    Going on before.
    Christ, the royal Master,
    Leads against the foe;
    Forward into battle,
    See, His banners go!
    Continue reading…

  12. X
    “Alas and did My Saviour bleed”

    See image.

  13. X
    doxology

    In Christianity, a hymn or prayer in praise of God.

  14. X
    Indian

    By “Indian” here, Du Vernet meant the Ojibwe language, Anishinaabemowin. Read more.

  15. X
    benediction

    A Christian prayer asking for God’s blessing, usually at the end of the service.

  16. X
    Horace Theker

    Horace Theker was an early settler to the Rainy River, arriving in 1882. Read more.